Iranian Association of Chemical Engineers(IAChE)Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering(IJChE)1735-53976320090701Experimental and CFD Studies on the Effect of the Jet Position on Mixing Performance31210363ENJournal Article20150803https://www.ijche.com/article_10363_a89711ef51d38de2949686d6355ff214.pdfIranian Association of Chemical Engineers(IAChE)Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering(IJChE)1735-53976320090701An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation on Thermal Performance of a Gas-Liquid Thermosyphon Heat Pipe Heat Exchanger in a Semi-Industrial Plant132515159ENJournal Article20160529"> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Waste heat recovery is very important, because it not only reduces the expenditure of</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>heat generation, but also it is of high priority in environmental consideration, such as</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>reduction in greenhouse gases. One of the devices used in waste heat recovery is heat</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>pipe heat exchanger. An experimental and theoretical research is carried out to</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>investigate heat performance of an air to water thermosyphon heat pipe heat exchanger</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>according to ε-NTU method. The experiments were done according to the following</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>procedure: cold water with 0.1kg/s flows through the condensation section and hot air</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>in a closed cycle is blown into the evaporation section. A blower with varying frequency</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>of current turns in the mass flow rate between 0.14-0.6 kg/s and a temperature range of</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>125-225</em><span style="font-family: SymbolMT; font-size: 11pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">°<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>C. The results of the experiments show that as the ratio of </em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">C C<span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">h c <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>rises, the</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>rate of heat transfer goes up. The efficiency of the heat pipe heat exchanger remains</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>constant as the temperature of the hot stream goes up, but the amount of heat</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>transferred increases.</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /></span></span></span></span></span></span>https://www.ijche.com/article_15159_3a429d6c0053edbd68387b35834bd9af.pdfIranian Association of Chemical Engineers(IAChE)Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering(IJChE)1735-53976320090701Effects of Vertical Temperature Gradient on Heavy Gas Dispersion in Build up Area264515160ENJournal Article20160529ewline"> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Dispersion of heavy gases is considered to be more hazardous than the passive ones</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>because it takes place more slowly. When the gas is accidentally released at ground</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>level or where there are many obstacles in the area it is considered to be a heavy gas.</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>In this paper, based on the extensive experimental work of McQuid and Hanna, the</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>model was tested against two types of experiments: A simple experiment “Thorney</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Island” and a complex experiment “Kit Fox” in order to validate CFD code. In order</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>to accomplish this validation the multiphase approach was employed. Also, the vertical</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>temperature gradient in the atmosphere was investigated. The investigation of wind</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>speed was done taking factors such as time, height and direction into consideration. In</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>order to reduce the number of elements in the computational domain, a combination of</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>2D and 3D geometry was utilized. The results showed that the wind inlet correction, as</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>well as the temperature gradient, had a significant influence on gas concentration</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>records.</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /></span>https://www.ijche.com/article_15160_632d1224e48ee393265d33b1fcf463c4.pdfIranian Association of Chemical Engineers(IAChE)Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering(IJChE)1735-53976320090701Effects of Height to Diameter Ratio and Aeration rate on Liquid Mixing and Hydrodynamic Properties in a Bubble Column465615161ENJournal Article20160529"> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Experimental measurements of overall gas holdup (ε</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>g</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>), residence time distribution</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>(RTD) and liquid mixing time (t</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>m</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>) have been carried out in an air-water system in a 17</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>lit bubble column with an 11 cm diameter, over a wide range of superficial gas velocity</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>(0.14-1.46 ms</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>-1</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>) and height to diameter ratio (1.36-8.84). The bed expansion method</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>was used to obtain holdup values and the change of slope related to ε</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>g </em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>versus</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>superficial gas velocity (U</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>sg</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>) indicated the transition point from homogeneous to</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>heterogeneous regime at U</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>sg</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>= 0.7-0.9 ms</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>-1</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>. Besides, the experiments illustrated that</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>H/D ratio had no effect on holdup values. The axial dispersion model was used with</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>semi-closed boundary conditions for prediction of RTD, and hence, the axial dispersion</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>coefficients (D</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>ax</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>). Moreover, fitting results of the model and experimental RTD curves</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>achieved from tracer injection method attained the model parameter, D</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>ax </em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>, in three H/D</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>ratios of 4.73, 6.36 and 8.84. Results showed that an elevation in H/D ratio, caused a</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>rise in D</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>ax</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>. On the other hand, the mixing time data declined with an increase in U</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>sg</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>;</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>however enhancement of H/D ratio caused an increase in t</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 6pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>m</em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>.</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>https://www.ijche.com/article_15161_ec8c0dbc35be15686501f350cda03b94.pdfIranian Association of Chemical Engineers(IAChE)Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering(IJChE)1735-53976320090701Effect of Time and Temperature on Moisture Content, Shrinkage, and Rehydration of Dried Onion577015162ENJournal Article20160529<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>In this paper, the experimental data of the onion drying process by a batch cabinet</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>dryer is investigated. Obtained experimental data including moisture content,</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>shrinkage, and rehydration via random factorial scheme are analyzed. Comparison of</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>data average is carried out with the help of the multi amplitude test of Duncan.</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Statistical analysis of experimental data shows that time, temperature, and their</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>combined effect have a reasonable impact on the moisture content and rehydration</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>value of dried samples. However, a combined effect of time and temperature on the</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>shrinkage value is not meaningful (P>0.05). The results also show that increasing time</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>and temperature leads to a decrease in the moisture content of the samples, but it</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>increases the value of rehydration and the shrinkage of samples.</em> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></span>https://www.ijche.com/article_15162_afb3fe6eda0d866e52e77ac711ea8dbf.pdfIranian Association of Chemical Engineers(IAChE)Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering(IJChE)1735-53976320090701Effect of Mixer Rotational Speed on Heat Transfer Coefficient in Preparation of Nickle Perovskite From Laboratory to Bench Scale718715163ENJournal Article20160529<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>In this study, we examined a scale-up to production of nickel perovskite catalyst, used</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>in the conversion of natural gas to synthesis gas, using the sol-gel method in the</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>laboratory and a bench-scale reactor. The required volume of solvent and catalyst</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>activity in the methane-reforming reaction was determined from the optimum catalyst</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>production conditions at the laboratory scale. This information was then used to design</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>the bench-scale unit. We used heat-transfer models in a non-continuous bench reactor</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>and scale-up fundamentals to achieve the same physical and chemical properties of the</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>catalyst as that in the laboratory sample. A correlation coefficient corresponding to the</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>experiment conditions, including the stirrer geometry, is presented based on the heat</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>transfer equations in stirred tanks. This correlation can be used to estimate the heattransfer coefficient at larger scales, such as in a pilot reactor.</em> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></span>https://www.ijche.com/article_15163_bbdfb5287088a53648d98fa435fb08ce.pdfIranian Association of Chemical Engineers(IAChE)Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering(IJChE)1735-53976320090701Study of Parameters Affecting Size Distribution of Beads Produced from Electro-Spray of High Viscous Liquids889815164ENJournal Article20160529<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Electro-Hydrodynamics (EHD) spray is an important process in many engineering</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>operations such as ink-jet printing, spray drying and atomization (liquid jet in air),</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>dispersion and emulsification (liquid jet in liquid). In this work the method of electrospray was employed to form droplets from a high viscous sodium-alginate solution</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>using constant DC voltage. The droplets were cured in calcium chloride solution to</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>produce solid beads. The main objective was to extend the knowledge of EHD spray to</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>high viscous and non-Newtonian liquids (1000-5000 mPa.s). However, the effects of</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>electric field strength, nozzle diameter, flow rate and concentration of liquid were</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>specifically investigated on the size of the beads. Among the parameters studied,</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>voltage had a pronounced effect on the size of the beads as compared to the flow rate,</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>the nozzle diameter and the concentration of alginate liquid. The size of beads was</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>reduced to a minimum value by increasing the voltage in the range of 0-10 kV.</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>However, within the middle part of this range, an unstable transition occurred from the</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>dripping mode to the jet mode where the size distribution was wide. Increasing the</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>height of fall of the droplets improved the sphericity of the beads, because of the</em> <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 10pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>increase of flight time for the droplets to relax before gelation.</em> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></span>https://www.ijche.com/article_15164_868a6d6468bd78ca5c68905ba8c11aec.pdf